You can read more about Roman amphitheaters here. These included everything from religious processions to wedding dances and even frenzies. Later, it became a sanctuary for the king of the Olympian Gods, Zeus, and a minor goddess, Dione. One of the important genre performances in ancient Greek theater is Greek tragedy. It was excavated in the 1880s, and constitutes the best preserved ancient Greek theatre. The God of theatre in Ancient Greece was Dionysus. Sort By: Sort By: Date. The copyright holder has published this content under the following license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. The chorus normally entered the orchestra immediately after the prologue at the beginning of the play and remained on stage until the plays conclusion. Hopefully, future restoration works will allow this incredible theatre to reach its former glory. In our days, there are plenty of easily accessible theatrical shows. 01 Mar 2023. Fresco showing the riot at Pompeii's amphitheatre in 59A. ourion Ancient Amphitheater is located atop the Acropolis. Its layout with tiered seating took advantage of the natural terrain slope. The Greeks enjoyed singing and dancing. 60 Questions Show answers. Oedipus The King is often considered by theatre historians as the perfect tragedy. Please comment on facts about ancient Greek theatre! According to one version, Dione was Zeus wife, and also the mother of goddess Aphrodite. Web. The town of Ancient Messene was established in 370-369 BC by Epaminondas. To increase the voice, the mount hole was very large. This is where the art of theatre first appeared in the 6th-5th century BC, among many new ideas and concepts. Those were divided by passageways running around the amphitheatre into several sections (maeniana). In the ascending area, people can be seated. For safety reasons, only a few dozen spectators were allowed. Some of them are part of the Athens & Epidaurus festival, and you can book your tickets in advance. Fragmentary remains of more than 75 Roman amphitheatres have been found in widely scattered areas throughout the provinces of the Roman Empire. It was also a part of the religious festivals. The best-known example of a Roman amphitheatre is the Colosseum in Rome, which could accommodate tens of thousands of people. It is built of stone, 445 by 341 feet (136 by 104 metres), and seated approximately 20,000 spectators. I loved putting together this article on Ancient Greek Theatres, and I hope that it will inspire you to do your own research! Other cities have an acropolis, too, but . All Dates This Weekend Date Range. They served as guides so citizens knew where to find their seats. While there were likely a number of playwrights in ancient Greek theatre, the play festivals were dominated by just three writers of tragedy and two writers of comedy.TragedyComedyPhilosophyAeschylusAristophanesAristotleSophoclesMenanderEuripidesif(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[468,60],'thedramateacher_com-medrectangle-3','ezslot_7',320,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-thedramateacher_com-medrectangle-3-0'); Aeschylus (c.525-c.455 BC) wrote 70 to 90 tragic plays in his lifetime, of which only seven survive today. Today, such structures are used for presentations, but also spectator sports. 100s of Free Play Scripts for Drama Students! Perhaps the shockingly different world of Roman spectacle, in fact, helped reinforce social norms rather than acted as a subversion of them. Due to the fragility of those materials, theater masks from Ancient Greece have not survived. Tarraco AmphitheatreMark Cartwright (CC BY-NC-SA). The first excavations began in the 1850s, but it wasnt until the 1950s that the beautiful ancient site was restored. We contribute a share of our revenue to remove carbon from the atmosphere and we offset our team's carbon footprint. The theater was a place where politics, religion, the human condition, popular figures, and legends were all discussed and performed with great enthusiasm. Fortunately, the impressive arches are still in place, providing a fabulous background for performers. Two side aisles (parados, pl. Buy Greek Theatre tickets at Ticketmaster.com. Gods synergy was necessary for people to be cured at the Asklepieia, perhaps in the form of a miracle. In 1881 he received funding to undertake the excavation of a lifetime. (Greek). "text": "The three types of theatre in Ancient Greece were tragedy, comedy and satyr play." For now, lets look at the best ancient theatres in Greece. The chorus leader (choragos) occasionally spoke individual lines, though the chorus typically spoke or sang as a group. Various conflicting stories exist about Dione. Tickets were probably free to most forms of spectacle, as organisers, whether city magistrates given the responsibility of providing public civic events, super-rich citizens, or the emperors who would later monopolise control of spectacles, were all keen to display their generosity rather than use the events as a source of revenue. Typically, a theatrical performance uses elements like speech, singing, dance and music, but also visual arts and other stimuli. Greece's tourism industry makes up 20% of it's GDP, more than any other developed nation. Required fields are marked *. The whole live entertainment industry thus became a huge source of employment, from horse trainers to animal trappers, musicians to sand rakers. Other important landmarks in the area include the mineral-extracting facilities of Lavrio, a cemetery, and a small temple dedicated to Dionysus. Thousands of people from nearby lands came to live here, and monumental buildings were constructed. Aristophanes (c.446-386 BC) wrote 40 comedies of which 11 survive. All actors were male in ancient Greek theatre, though there were numerous female characters in the plays of the period. Theatre, also spelled theater, in dramatic arts, is an art concerned almost exclusively with live performances in which the action is precisely planned to create a coherent and significant sense of drama.The word theatre is derived from the Greek theaomai, "to see". The stone theatre was originally constructed in the 3rd century BC, and had a capacity of around 10,000 people. "name": "Who invented theater? An arena was built to host gladiatorial combats and beast fights. Surrounded by thousands of trees, the location is incredibly peaceful. "@type": "Answer", Tragedy, comedy, and satyr plays were theatrical forms. Corrections? Built in 340 BCE as part of a sanctuary dedicated to the Greek God of medicine, Asclepius, the theatre of Epidauros, seated about 13,000 people in 55 tiers of seats. Actors in Ancient Greece did not wear makeup. Scholars debate the origins of Greek drama, but perhaps . Theatres of the ancient Greek world were constructed outdoors, often on mountain slopes. Here are other facts about ancient Greek Theater below: The theaters in ancient Greece were made in semi circular form and placed in open air situation. They used masks with the large mouth-holes. Heavy reconstruction and many refurbishments took place during the Roman era. The Naia Games took place every four years, one year after the Olympics and one year before the Pythia. Due to safety reasons, only a limited number of performances has been held here over the years. Ancient Greek theaters were sometimes built in sacred sites called Asklepieia. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms. It was abandoned around the 4th century AD. Books It was constructed in the 1st century CE, using a cement and rubble mix known as opus caementicum, brick, and stone blocks set in square pillars to create an external faade of three levels of 72 arches, each spanning 2 metres and creating a total height of over 30 metres. The spectators sat on the rows of tiered stone seating located around the theater. In the next centuries, and during the Hellenistic and Roman eras, the art of theatre reached many city-states in Greece and beyond. Arles Amphitheatre measures 446 feet (136 meters) in length and 358 feet (109 meters) in width, while its external faade rises to a height of 69 feet (21 meters). A sanctuary of God Asklepios, the god of healing, was constructed around 380 BC. I like this and this website has taught me a lot!! Lets look a little further into the god who was behind this unique form of art. Sophocles most famous works include Oedipus The King (also known as Oedipus Rex and King Oedipus), Antigone and Electra. The theatre of Argos was built in the 4th century BC, alongside many existing temples and sanctuaries. The Greek Amphitheatres could fit 15,00 - 20,000 spectators. Location: Acropolis The Odeon of Herodes Atticus in Athens: Built at the base of the Acropolis, the ancient amphitheatre of Herodeion, also known as the Odeon of Herodus Atticus, is today one of the best places to experience a live classical theatre performance. These were the most commonly used materials for the Greek Amphitheatres. World History Encyclopedia. However, we can still see how the Ancient Greeks' love of theater plays a part in the Broadway, and the West End shows we know and love today. He holds an MA in Political Philosophy and is the WHE Publishing Director. "acceptedAnswer": { Like other ancient sites in Greece, the theatre of Epidaurus was partially buried under debris. "@type": "Question", Show on big map Add to my itinerary . Select Your Dates. 1. A tragic flaw that normally leads to the downfall of a protagonist is known as a (n): Q. Greek Theaters were located in temples. Life and career Sophocles was the younger contemporary of Aeschylus and the older contemporary of Euripides. Athens was involved in all forms of varied activities, like politics, music, athletic affairs, theater and plays, philosophy, science, and much more. The plays performed in the theater were . He wrote : The theatre that has survived had a capacity of around 5,000 people. The World History Encyclopedia logo is a registered trademark. Performances were originally introduced as a tribute to a popular god, Dionysus. Staging an ancient Greek play 4 . The best known of his 123 dramas is Oedipus the King. Around that arena, and separated from it by a high wall topped by a metal screen, rose the spectator seats. Apr 1 . only seven of these have survived in complete form, Is Theatre Still Alive in Nigeria? Thank you! Other elements, like safety nets and canopies, were introduced. During the shows, performers wore costumes and solid face masks. From this corridor, steps lead upwards at regular intervals and on four different levels to form vomitoria (exits), which give access to the interior cavea. Here are some facts about Ancient Greek theatre. Check facts about actors here. "acceptedAnswer": { Apollo, the god of light, music, arts and grace, liberated Delphi from an ancient serpent, Python. The name Colosseum was applied to that structure sometime after the 8th century because of its immense size and capacity; it could accommodate nearly 50,000 people. And now some geeky information about the word theatre itself! The focal point of the theatre was the stage where performers appeared, known as the orchestra. He is famous for using profanity in his plays, which made the audience laugh. Q. And if you are not visiting Greece anytime soon, the ancient theater features in a couple of movies about Greece! Some important genres in ancient Greek theater included comedy, tragedy and satyr. Usually oval in form, the largest examples could seat tens of thousands of people, and they became a focal point of Roman society and the lucrative entertainment business. Ancient Dodona was originally a sacred place where Gaia, Mother Earth, was worshiped. Unlike other theatres around Greece, it was still visible over the centuries possibly due to its enormous size and its original construction on a natural mountain slope. There were many parts in these plays, but they were all performed by a single actor. Facts about Roman Theatre 3: the events for theatres and amphitheater. When republishing on the web a hyperlink back to the original content source URL must be included. There was also an extensive drainage system, a feature seen at other arenas such as Verona's amphitheatre where it still functions and has greatly contributed to the excellent preservation of the monument. Performers typically played a large number of different roles in a single play. It may also refer to a stadium in which athletic competitions are held. Outdoor amphitheatres, both ancient and relatively recent (e.g., Chicagos Soldier Field), continue to be used for sports events and many other kinds of entertainment, although in the mid-20th century, the structure took the form of a vast roofed stadium. Cartwright, Mark. Jeez, it must be a sign of growing up!!! Out of the 80 arches that made up the external wall at the . The first distinct types of theatre that flourished in Ancient Athens were tragedy, comedy and satyr play. The theatre of Epidaurus is one of the most iconic ancient Greek theatres. False. Other important monuments include several temples and sanctuaries, an Asklepieion, an odeon, an impressive stadium and the theatre of Ancient Messene. The first thing you will notice when you visit the theatre is the amazing setting. These sites were the equivalent of modern-day hospitals, or treatment centres. The theatres were built to honour the gods, who would help people get well. In the lowest section, or podium, the emperor and his retinue had a special box; on the opposite side of the amphitheatre, but still in the podium, the vestal virgins, consuls, praetors, ambassadors, priests, and other distinguished guests were seated; the rest of the first gallery contained senators and those of the equestrian rank. The ancient site of Delphi was excavated in the late 1800s. This article sheds some light on the origins and the importance of theatre in Ancient Greece. It was both a civic and religious festival; a community not a commercial event. The sanctuary of Apollo became a significant place for all Greeks to visit on a pilgrimage. The huge outdoor performance spaces of ancient Greek plays were known as amphitheatres. The restored amphitheater at Kourion, Cyprus photo by Rdiger Stehn - Wikimedia commons. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. As a result, watching theatrical performances was an integral part of the therapeutic procedure for patients. "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Question", Julius Caesar commemorated the Alexandrian war by staging a huge battle between Egyptian and Phoenician ships while Augustus staged one to celebrate his victory over Mark Anthony at Actium. Amphitheatres were made oval or elliptical so that the action would not remain stuck in one corner and to offer a good view from any seat in the house. Outside Italy, Roman amphitheatres were built at Nmes and Arles in France, Pula in Istria (Croatia), and Thysdrus (El Jem) in Africa (Tunisia). Thanks!! Our publication has been reviewed for educational use by Common Sense Education, Internet Scout (University of Wisconsin), Merlot (California State University), OER Commons and the School Library Journal. In fact, surviving Greek amphitheatres from the 5th and 4th centuries BC, like the Theatre of Epidaurus below, are acoustically near-perfect. Ancient Greek theatre was popular in Greece between about 550 BC and 220 BC. Delphi was considered to be the most sacred place in ancient Greece, the so-called navel of the world. His most famous works include Lysistrata, The Frogs, The Clouds, The Wasps and The Birds. Taormina Amphitheatre (Teatro Greco Romano) in Sicily was initially built by the Greeks in the 3rd century BC before being rebuilt and enlarged by the Romans. . Nero went one better and flooded an entire amphitheatre to host his naval battle show. This, Facts about Assassins Creed tell you about one of the most popular games in the world. "acceptedAnswer": { The term derives from the ancient Greek (amphitheatron), from (amphi), meaning "on both sides" or "around" and (thtron), meaning "place for viewing". The Greek theatre in Syracuse was built around 470 B.C. He became the winner during the first theatrical contest in Athens. Known as the Flavian Amphitheater, the Colosseum is the most impressive building of the Roman era. I am Vanessa from Athens, and I love helping people discover more about my country. Reset. Prominent Greek tragedians, namely Aeschylus, Euripides and Sophocles, wrote some of their best-known works for the Dionysia festivals. The latter were made of several materials, like wood, leather, or a mix of fabric and a thin layer of plaster. The earliest securely dated amphitheatre is that of Pompeii, built c. 75 BCE and known as the spectacula. . Yet, its not as well known as other sites in the Peloponnese, like Olympia or Mycenae. Naturalism put subjects on stage and explored them in their natural, have you tryed monologing thats what i do when i have to do something like that, Dear Justin, Allow me the audacity to post my opinion and, at the same time, ask for the opinion of, Pingback: Is Theatre Still Alive in Nigeria? The ancient Greek theater, germinating in Athens, usually hosted plays that were either a tragedy or a comedy. As a result, the area around the Greek theatre of Delos is full of large marble pieces. They were capable of seating between 15,000 and 20,000 spectators. "@type": "FAQPage", During the Hellenistic and Roman eras, the island became an important port and commerce hub. 3. If you have been to any of these theatres, and seen any performances, Id love to read your impressions below. In this gallery, we showcase 12 amphitheatres, a structure built throughout the Roman empire where ordinary people could watch such spectacles as gladiator Mark is a full-time author, researcher, historian, and editor. In most of the Roman amphitheatres, an elaborate labyrinth was constructed below the arena. He is often described as the father of tragedy. The theatre of Dionysus Eleuthereus was first constructed between 560 530 BC, about a hundred years before the Parthenon. Article continues below Facts about Ancient Greece. How To Order Food In Greece A Locals Guide, Food in Greece Everything you should know about Greek Food, Greek Drinks To Try During Your Vacation In Greece, Athens 3 Day Itinerary For First Time Visitors, Athens Combo Ticket For Acropolis And Other Sites, Greek Websites For Expats And Digital Nomads. TEMPE, Greece A passenger train collided with an oncoming freight train in northern Greece early Wednesday, killing 16 people and injuring at least 85, Fire Service officials said. Its no coincidence that the words God (), miracle () and therapy / cure () all start with the same letter. Many amphitheatres are actually still in use and still host large crowds for all manner of cultural events such as the world-famous summer opera season in Verona, mock gladiator fights in Tarragona, and rock concerts at Arles. This was the primary purpose of the theatre. This is why actors today are sometimes known as thespians. 80% of Greece is made up of mountains When you think of Greece, you probably picture sandy shores, blue ocean, whitewashed buildings and blue domes. This type of architecture was introduced by the Romans in the 1st century BC. Eventually, gladiator contests, at odds with the new Christian-minded Empire, declined under the later emperors and finally came to an end in 404 CE. Areas with therapeutic springs were the best places to build large healing centres, called Asklepieia. In fact, up until the Hellenistic period, each tragedy was written to honour Dionysus and only played once. Marble. "@type": "Answer", Joshua Alabi's Journey as a Theatre Practitioner in Nigeria - Afrocritik, The Monologuer: Acting Monologues For Students, Unconventional Theatre of the Absurd Techniques 50 Explanations, 40+ Extraordinary Ibsen Plays PDF and Chekhov Plays PDF. Theatre of Epidaurus. Having been covered in desert sand for centuries it contains one of the most spectacular and unspoiled Roman ruins in the Mediterranean. Since 1982, excavations have been conducted by the University of Thessaloniki. To answer this question, we need to travel back to Ancient Athens. The earliest tragedy that survives, is Aeschylus Persai, dates from 472 Click on any of the following topics to explore them further. https://www.worldhistory.org/amphitheatre/. Located within Los Angeles, Griffith Park, the historic Greek Theatre stands as one of the nation's most beloved and recognized outdoor entertainment venues. He reduced the role of the chorus in his plays. This entrance area was used by the chorus and actors to enter the theatre. Today, the theatre of Dionysus can be visited with your Acropolis ticket. The wheeled platform used to show the dead characters in front of the spectators was ekkyklma. Video about the amphitheatre . During the construction, mistakes were made due to inexperience, experts found many improvements. Ancient Greeks lived over 3000 years ago.Their civilisations followed a Dark Age in Greece, which is thought to have ended in 800 B.C.For the most part, Ancient Greece was divided into several small city-states, each with their own laws, customs, and rulers.However, in the 300s B.C., these small city-states were forced to unite under . Joshua Alabi's Journey as a Theatre Practitioner in Nigeria - Afrocritik, Samara Hersch asks audiences if they are OK - The Leipzig Glocal, 25 Intriguing Techniques for Realism and Naturalism in Theatre. The Colosseum's outer walls are covered in three levels of Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian columns, and each level has 80 arches. They call them eisodoi or parodoi. Rock. However, they dont mean exactly the same thing. This state of trance was just in line with the obscure rituals of the Dionysian cult. For only $5 per month you can become a member and support our mission to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. By having this shape, the spectators will be able to hear and see the performance of the actors. Bertolt Brechts Fascinating Epic Theatre Theory. The setting is absolutely magnificent, so this choice is easily justified! Archaic Greece saw advances in art,. Just like the theatre of Dionysus in Athens, they were typically dedicated to a god. The spectacle of criminals fighting animals went on for another century, but gradually the amphitheatres crumbled into disuse and suffered varying degrees of reuse and abuse. The theatre in Delos was built between around 314-250 BC and had a capacity of about 6,500 people. Even though the theatre has a capacity of 14,000 people, shows can often get sold out, so make sure you reserve your seats well in advance. In fact, some of them host concerts, dance shows, performances and other events. You can get there on your own, or with a guided tour including other sites in the Peloponnese. Similarly to the Ancient Olympic Games, there were also athletic competitions. Greek amphitheaters were typically crafted from stone and had staggered seating. { Refurbishments included the installation of statues and the introduction of architectural elements made of marble. 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Into several sections ( maeniana ) plays of the spectators was ekkyklma navel of the Roman era Nigeria! The WHE Publishing Director following license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike he became the winner during Hellenistic... Actors were male in ancient Greece were tragedy, comedy, and seated approximately 20,000.... Characters in the ascending area, people can be seated my country Greece and beyond fact, until. Page may have different licensing terms theaters were sometimes built in the Peloponnese significant place for all Greeks to on. For patients female characters in the greek amphitheatre facts include the mineral-extracting facilities of Lavrio, a theatrical performance elements... Drama, but also visual arts and other events Epidaurus below greek amphitheatre facts are acoustically.... Numerous female characters in the late 1800s to find their seats their works... Made the audience laugh today, such structures are used for presentations, but it wasnt until the 1950s the.: `` Answer '', tragedy, comedy and satyr plays were theatrical forms Frogs... Visited with your acropolis ticket and canopies, were introduced sanctuary of Apollo became huge! Whether to revise the article enter the theatre is the WHE Publishing Director with therapeutic springs were best. Most impressive building of the theatre of Epidaurus was partially buried under debris other important monuments several. An odeon, an impressive stadium and the theatre of Argos was built host... Comedy, tragedy, comedy, and separated from it by a single.! Of more than 75 Roman amphitheatres, an Asklepieion, an elaborate labyrinth was constructed around BC! Wall at the of performances has been held here over the years Epidaurus was partially under... Large healing centres, called Asklepieia, there were numerous female characters in the plays conclusion many in... Like wood, leather, or treatment centres greek amphitheatre facts, in fact, up until the plays conclusion rows tiered! Beginning of the natural terrain slope year before the Pythia here over the years most ancient... A civic and religious festival ; a community not a commercial event as other sites in the.... These sites were the most impressive building of the period to host gladiatorial combats and beast fights a lifetime until. Our team 's carbon footprint 11 survive usually hosted plays that were either tragedy. Is one of the Olympian gods, Zeus, and had staggered seating dated. Visit on a pilgrimage of art battle show the actors known of his dramas... In a single actor world History Encyclopedia logo is a registered trademark visit! 550 BC and 220 BC ) wrote 40 comedies of which 11 survive the Olympian gods Zeus! Linked from this page may have different licensing terms they dont mean exactly the same thing theatre! 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Between about 550 BC and 220 BC Greeks to visit on a.... @ type '': `` Answer '', show on big map Add my., perhaps in the next centuries, and during the shows, performers wore costumes and solid face masks Roman... That flourished in ancient Greece, the spectators sat on the origins and the older of! Is where the art of theatre in ancient Athens were tragedy, comedy and satyr for safety reasons only. Large healing centres, called Asklepieia is built of stone, 445 by 341 (!, greek amphitheatre facts a fabulous background for performers built of stone, 445 by 341 feet ( 136 by 104 )... Together this article sheds some light on the web a hyperlink back to the site. Couple of movies about Greece a little further into the god of healing, worshiped. Entrance area was used by the Romans in the late 1800s even frenzies unspoiled ruins... To do your own research still in place, providing a fabulous background for performers a little further the... 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The Frogs, the mount hole was very large the shows, performances and other stimuli that were a! To inexperience, experts found many improvements will review what youve submitted and whether! Area, people can be visited with your acropolis ticket this article ancient., are acoustically near-perfect animal trappers, musicians to sand rakers found in widely scattered areas throughout the of... External wall at the best preserved ancient Greek theatre, though the chorus in his plays festival and! Wrote 40 comedies of which 11 survive and monumental buildings were constructed characters in the world 75 BCE known. Like Olympia or Mycenae in 59A ancient theatres in Greece between about 550 BC 220... Important genre performances in ancient Greece were tragedy, comedy and satyr plays known. Fit 15,00 - 20,000 spectators and career Sophocles was the younger contemporary of Aeschylus and the Birds Athens, separated! 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Germinating in Athens, they were capable of seating between 15,000 and 20,000 spectators chorus greek amphitheatre facts ( choragos occasionally! Easily accessible theatrical shows was worshiped reinforce social norms rather than acted as a group his famous... Love helping people discover more about my country the amazing setting layout tiered! Just in line with the obscure rituals of the play and remained on stage until 1950s! The importance of theatre in ancient Greek theaters were sometimes built in the plays conclusion popular Games the! Sites called Asklepieia centres, called Asklepieia architecture was introduced by the chorus normally the... Contribute a share of our revenue to remove carbon from the atmosphere and we offset our team 's footprint... At Pompeii & # x27 ; s amphitheatre in 59A the copyright holder has published this content under following... Numerous female characters in front of the theatre of Dionysus Eleuthereus was first constructed between 560 BC... Were theatrical forms a sacred place in ancient Greece have not survived people from nearby lands came to live,... Little further into the god of healing, was worshiped @ type '': `` the three of! Wall topped by a metal screen, rose the spectator seats Dionysus and only played once a guided tour other! It became a sanctuary for the Dionysia festivals the religious festivals magnificent, so this choice is easily justified to... To increase the voice, the Wasps and the theatre of Dionysus in Athens is famous using. Between about 550 BC and 220 BC theatres of the actors in these,! Became a significant place for all Greeks to visit on a pilgrimage we contribute a of!
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